Until recently, perfumes were made only from natural extracts of plants (powders, resins, oils, maceration ...). At the end of the 19th century, synthetic fragrances appeared with the development of the chemical industry. Today, majority perfumes are composed mostly of synthetic chemical molecules.
A modern perfume can contain hundreds of different synthetic components where most of them are by-products of the petrochemical industry and have the advantage of being inexpensive compared to natural extracts. There is some confusion in this area: It is generally understood that perfumes are made from natural raw materials. In fact, almost all traditional perfumes are made using synthetic which can be up to 99% (sometimes 95% in the best cases).
Since ingredients are considered "manufacturing secrets", there is no obligation for perfumers to inform the public about the components used. In fact, the formulations are generally not very detailed. Among these synthetic substances, several are scientifically recognised as neurotic and carcinogenic (derivatives of benzene, polypropylene glycerol ...). For example, Toluene is present in most scented products. The synthetic molecules used can lead to other undesirable effects: allergies, cutaneous intolerance, respiratory disorders ...
Although many of these components have never been tested for toxicity, consumers have been massively exposed to these synthetic products for more than fifty years (perfumes, deodorants, hygiene and cosmetics, fragrances food ...).
In addition, the synthetic aromatic substances are foreign to nature and therefore hardly biodegradable. They are deposited in the subcutaneous adipose tissues and the body eliminates them with difficulty.
Moreover, even if synthetic perfumes have pleasant fragrances, they can not offer the properties of natural plants.